Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
Dec 2001
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2001agufm.p31b..07s&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2001, abstract #P31B-07
Mathematics
Logic
5415 Erosion And Weathering, 5464 Remote Sensing, 5480 Volcanism (8450)
Scientific paper
Elysium Mons has been active from the Late Hesperian (or earlier) and episodically throughout much of the Amazonian; enlargement of the construct slowed considerably during the Early Amazonian. Furthermore, the broad Utopia, Elysium, and Arcadia Planitiae surrounding Elysium Mons each contain mappable units having morphologies suggestive of flowing material, including lobate margins, incised sinuous channels, broad floodplain-like expanses, and extensive channel-levee networks. Though variously interpreted as lahars, lakebeds, deep marine deposits, lava flows, fluvial material, and subglacial flood deposits, morphologic indicators based on MGS topographic and image datasets suggest that the bulk of materials within and peripheral to the Elysium volcanoes are diverse, volcanically derived sediments and lava flows. Many of the deposits are thin, nearly flat, extend for enormous distances, and commonly abut against low scarps formed by crater ejecta ramparts or tectonic structures. Because of the extreme mobility of the flows needed to emplace these deposits, we interpret that they are density-driven debris flows with varying fluid components. We find in Utopia Planitia that some of these deposits have sparsely cratered surfaces at MOC narrow-angle resolution indicative of very recent activity (perhaps within the past several millions years). The deposits' mobility may result from magmatic intrusion beneath ice-rich ground (water and/or carbon dioxide). Pre-existing structure, magmatic flux, and availability and type(s) of volatiles may have controlled localization and intensity of the hydrovolcanic activity. For example, channeled Utopia deposits emanate from deep linear troughs and enlarged fissures along the northwest flank of Elysium Mons, while the channels of Marte Valles (infilled by later lava flows) source from narrow fissures only. From our inspection of MGS data, we conclude: (1) Elysium was volcanically active during the past ~2 billion years over which time its volcanic style evolved from early, gradual construction of the primary shields to later, episodic (including very recent), but high-volume eruptions resulting from energetic magma-volatile interactions, (2) volcano-ice interactions likely resulted in moderately to highly mobilized hydrovolcanic flows (perhaps charged with CO2) that emanated from structurally controlled, shallow portions of Elysium Mons and deposited into Utopia basin, (3) early persistent and elevated heating removed potentially fluidizing agents while late-stage alternating magmatism and volcanic dormancy allowed rejuvenation of volatile reservoirs.
Skinner Andrew J.
Tanaka Ken L.
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