Simulations of Thermal Circulations Over the Slopes of Tharsis

Computer Science – Sound

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3322 Land/Atmosphere Interactions, 3329 Mesoscale Meteorology, 5445 Meteorology (3346)

Scientific paper

Simulations of the Tharsis region using the Mars Regional Atmospheric Modeling System \(MRAMS\) have revealed highly dynamic thermal circulations and intense thermal convection. Nighttime katabatic winds along the slopes of the volcanoes exceed 50 m/s. These winds are preceded by an intense and narrow katabatic front with turbulent surface stresses sufficient to lift dust and sand. During the daytime, the winds shift and flow upslope. These thermal circulations are presented in the context of light wind streaks found in the lee of topographic barriers. The simulations show modeled wind directions and speeds matching wind streak orientations found in some areas. The agreement over other places, however, is poor, and challenges the hypothesis of dust streak formation. Upslope winds reaching 100 m/s and deep convection above the Tharsis volcanoes produce highly turbulent flow that extends up to 20 km above the surface. Thermal and kinematic fields are shown to be consistent with observed afternoon clouds. Results are also shown to compare favorably with TES and Radio Science temperature soundings.

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