First-order Fermi acceleration in solar flares as a mechanism for the second-step acceleration of prompt protons and relativistic electrons

Details First-order Fermi acceleration in solar flares as a mechanism for the second-step acceleration of prompt protons and relativistic electrons First-order Fermi acceleration in solar flares as a mechanism for the second-step acceleration of prompt protons and relativistic electrons

Apr 1983

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1983apj...267..433b&link_type=abstract

Astrophysical Journal, Part 1, vol. 267, Apr. 1, 1983, p. 433-441.

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astronomy

55

Particle Acceleration, Relativistic Particles, Solar Electrons, Solar Flares, Solar Protons, Solar X-Rays, Energy Spectra, Gamma Ray Astronomy, High Energy Electrons, Solar Maximum Mission

Scientific paper

Solar flare data from June 27, 1980 balloon-based observations were studied in terms of the hard X ray component. A temporal delay of 3 sec was observed for the X ray emissions above 235 keV. The delay occurred relative to the low-energy electrons and indicated a second acceleration stage. An estimation of the acceleration rate of the first-order Fermi process operating in a closed flare loop was found to be in agreement with the resulting data, including the acceleration of both protons and relativistic electrons. Additional support for the first-order Fermi process is noted in the fact that flares generally occur in magnetic loops, a condition which allows energetic particles to continually interact with the upward moving shock fronts. A correlation has also been observed between the delay times and the H-alpha areas, encouraging the interpretation that the delay times are the shock transit times.

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