Prediction of solar proton peak fluxes from solar electromagnetic signatures

Mathematics – Probability

Scientific paper

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Solar Protons, Solar Flares, Electromagnetic Radiation, Solar X-Rays, Goes Satellites, Radio Spectra

Scientific paper

The GOES data base is used to examine the relationship between the solar flare X-ray flux and the peak proton fluxes at earth orbit. Incorporating new flares into the data base does not significantly revise the solar proton event prediction algorithms based on single channel X-ray fluences, but including both the 1.8 A and 0.5-4 A X-ray fluence does significantly reduce the residuals. Adding the longitudinal position of the flare further reduces the residuals. The probability of observing a solar proton event based on the X-ray fluence provides a simple relationship that may be used to predict proton event occurrence. There is, as expected, a relationship between the size of the X-ray burst and the spectra of the radio burst that allows the microwave bursts to be used for prediction if X-ray data are not available. There is a relationship between the proton event correlation coefficients and energy band of the X-rays observed.

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