New Laboratory Measurements of the Centimeter-Wavelength Properties of Ammonia Under Deep Jovian Atmospheric Conditions

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Over 800 measurements of the opacity of ammonia have been made in the 5-20 cm wavelength range at pressures ranging from 0.05-96 bars, temperatures from 330-450K, and mixing ratios from 0.05-100% in a hydrogen-helium atmosphere using an ultra-high pressure system. An ammonia absorptivity model that is accurate under very high pressure conditions is necessary for the Juno microwave radiometer (MWR) to successfully retrieve the deep abundance profile of Jupiter. Current and future measurements of the opacity of ammonia under simulated deep jovian conditions, and an estimation of compressibility of ammonia under the same conditions will be used to create a new model that more accurately characterizes the centimeter-wavelength properties of ammonia in support of the Juno MWR. Furthermore, at least one laboratory measurement study indicates that water vapor can efficiently broaden the 572 GHz rotational transition of ammonia (Belov et al., 1983), and this could be true for the inversion transitions of ammonia as well. Future work will involve laboratory measurements of the opacity of mixtures of ammonia and water vapor under simulated jovian conditions using the ultra-high pressure system. These measurements will directly improve our understanding of centimeter-wavelength absorption by ammonia in the jovian planets, and improve retrievals from the Juno MWR at Jupiter.
This work was supported by NASA Contract NNM06AA75C from the Marshall Space Flight Center supporting the Juno Mission Science Team, under Subcontract 699054X from the South-west Research Institute

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