Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
Mar 2005
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2005jgra..11003103w&link_type=abstract
Journal of Geophysical Research, Volume 110, Issue A3, CiteID A03103
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
10
Interplanetary Physics: Solar Cycle Variations (7536), Interplanetary Physics: Solar Wind Plasma, Solar Physics, Astrophysics, And Astronomy: Coronal Holes, Solar Physics, Astrophysics, And Astronomy: Magnetic Fields
Scientific paper
We use the observed photospheric field maps and the wind speed observed from Ulysses to study the out-of-ecliptic solar wind. The model calculates the wind speed from the rate of magnetic flux tube expansion factors using a conversion function that is determined by least squares fit of all currently available data from Ulysses. Using the best fit conversion function, we investigate the global solar wind covering a 36-year period from 1968 through 2003. The results complement and expand upon earlier studies conducted with interplanetary scintillation and other in situ spacecraft observations. The rotationally averaged wind speed is a function of two parameters: the heliolatitude and the phase of the solar cycle. The out-of-ecliptic solar wind has a recurrent stable structure, and the average wind speed varies like a sine square of latitude profile spanning more than 5 years during the declining phase and solar minimum in each solar cycle. Ulysses has observed this stable structure in its first polar orbit in 1992-1997. Near solar maximum the structure of the out-of-ecliptic solar wind is in a transient state lasting 2-3 years when the stable structure breaks down during the disappearance and reappearance of the polar coronal holes.
Burlaga Leonard Francis
Sheeley Neil R.
Wang Yu-Ming
Whang Yun C.
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