Orographic effects in the atmospheres of other planets

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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Atmospheric Circulation, Mars Surface, Planetary Atmospheres, Topography, Viking Mars Program, Atmospheric Boundary Layer, Atmospheric Models, Atmospheric Tides, Diurnal Variations, Geostrophic Wind, Gravity Waves, Lee Waves, Planetary Meteorology, Planetary Waves, Venus Atmosphere, Wind (Meteorology)

Scientific paper

The effects of Martian topography are considered. Smoothed to a resolution of 500 km surface features show a total variation more than a scale height. Parameters relevant to topographically forced waves are compared for Earth and Mars. Low frequency, planetary scale Martian orographic disturbances are discussed with reference to atmospheric models, only one of which includes the effects of suspended dust. The evidence for topographically forced internal gravity waves is examined along with evidence for thermally driven diurnal and semidiurnal atmospheric tides. Indications of gravity waves on Venus are mentioned. Meteorological data from the Viking lander are presented which show evidence for the occurence of wind oscillations driven by diurnally varying horizontal temperature gradients over the slope, and wind oscillations driven by diurnally varying coupling between low level winds and winds aloft due to diurnally varying static stability.

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