Absolute Calibration of Infrared Standard Stars to the 1% Level

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A number of high-priority programs will benefit from a near-infrared absolute calibration at the 1% level. This requirement has been emphasized by the Dark Energy Task Force and in Astro2010 with regard to reducing systematic errors in dark energy studies. It also will improve our understanding of stellar effective temperatures (and radiative transfer), and of the mass-radius relation and equation of state of white dwarfs (as examples). We propose to establish a 3.6 micron absolute calibration at this level for 33 prime calibration stars. These stars have been selected: 1.) as targets for the optical/NIR absolute calibration programs ACCESS and under NIST; 2.) as JWST prime calibrators; or 3.) as prime calibration stars for HST or SDSS. Our program includes fitting the measurements with theoretical models to generate full spectral energy distributions that allow extending the calibration to any infrared band through synthetic photometry. We will observe these stars in a manner that also allows the calibration to be transferred to an all-sky network of more than 1500 stars for which we are obtaining 3.6 micron measurements in another program.

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