ISO Observations of Mars: An Estimate of the Water Vapor Vertical Distribution and the Surface Emissivity

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Scientific paper

Infrared spectra of Mars were taken with the two complementary spectrometers onboard the European Space Agency's Infrared Space Observatory (ISO), in both moderate- and high-resolution mode. From the strengths of the observed water lines we derived information about the vertical distribution of water vapor and on the emissivity of the dust/surface system in the infrared. Assuming atmospheric and surface temperatures derived from the European Martian Climate Database with a slight adjustment to the observed 15-μm CO2 band, the ISO data are consistent with an H2O mixing ratio of (3+/-1)×10-4 at the surface, a saturation level at 13+/-2 km, and a total column density of 12+/-3.5 pr-μm. The mean disk emissivity is found to be close to 1.0 at 6 μm and 0.92+/-0.02 at 40 μm. At longer wavelengths the emissivity decreases from a value of 0.97+/-0.03 at 50μm to 0.92+/-0.03 at 180 μm.

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