Ten year lifetime orbits about the planet Mars

Details Ten year lifetime orbits about the planet Mars Ten year lifetime orbits about the planet Mars

Jun 1988

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1988phdt........40b&link_type=abstract

PH.D. Thesis Colorado Univ., Boulder.

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astronomy

2

Atmospheric Effects, Flight Envelopes, Orbit Calculation, Orbital Lifetime, Spacecraft Design, Spacecraft Orbits, Spacecraft Survivability, Eccentric Orbits, Flight Altitude, Gravitational Effects, Impact Prediction, Orbit Perturbation, Spacecraft Configurations, Spacecraft Contamination

Scientific paper

A spacecraft designed for a mapping or photographic planetary mission will need to penetrate the atmosphere of Mars at its upper levels to gather the required data. The problem investigated is the determination of an envelope (called the Critical Envelope) about the planet Mars with the criteria of non-impact with the Martian surface for at least ten earth-years. The major constituent of the envelope involves the determination of the minimum value of the Periapsis Altitude of such an envelope. The purpose of this non-impact (quarantine) condition is to insure non-introduction of foreign materials into the Martian environment. This quarantine condition requires the determination of long-term perturbative effects upon the envelope. The problem was modeled as an astrodynamic perturbation problem affected by atmospheric drag (modeled as an exponential atmosphere) and aspherical gravitational effects, along with the geometric oblateness of the planet. In order to determine the gravity effects three different models were employed (2 x 0, 4 x 4, and 8 x 8). To reduce the configuration space, the Mean Anomaly and the Argument of Periapsis are set to zero. The number of orbits (2,263) investigated indicated that the Periapsis Altitude should be set at 441 km or above. Orbital data included the ranges of eccentricities from .01 to .1, variations of the inclination from 0.5 degrees to 85.5 degrees, and the Longitude of the Ascending Node varying from 0 to 360 degrees.

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