Particle Acceleration by the Sun

Details Particle Acceleration by the Sun Particle Acceleration by the Sun

Aug 2008

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2008aipc.1039...52l&link_type=abstract

PARTICLE ACCELERATION AND TRANSPORT IN THE HELIOSPHERE AND BEYOND: 7th Annual International Astrophysics Conference. AIP Confer

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

4

Astronomical Observations, Flares, Particle Acceleration, Planetary Bow Shocks, Interplanetary Shocks, Gamma-Ray Sources, Gamma-Ray Bursts, Corona, X- And Gamma-Ray Telescopes And Instrumentation

Scientific paper

Observations of hard X-ray/γ-ray continuum and γ-ray line emission show that electrons are accelerated to >~100 s of MeV and ions up to GeV energies, respectively, in large solar flares. The flare-accelerated electrons above ~20 keV and ions above a few MeV often contain >~10-50% or more of the total energy released, indicating that the particle acceleration is intimately related to the energy release mechanism. RHESSI observations show strong evidence that both the ion and electron acceleration are associated with the process of magnetic reconnection. Direct in situ observations of solar energetic particles (SEPs) near 1 AU indicate that shock waves driven by fast (>~1000 km/s) coronal mass ejections (CMEs) accelerate ions and electrons to similarly high energies, at altitudes of ~2-40 solar radii. Both CMEs and large flares involve the transient release of up to ~1032-1033 ergs. Frequent acceleration of electrons to ~10 keV is observed in smaller flares and even in microflares. Radio type III bursts indicate that electron acceleration can occur high in the corona, often without flare signatures at lower altitude. At 1 AU, hundreds of small impulsive SEP events are detected per year near solar maximum. These are dominated by <~1 to ~100 keV electrons and often accompanied by tens of keV to MeV/nuc ions, strongly enriched in 3He and heavies,. Here I review the recent RHESSI and related in situ observations as they bear on the fundamental acceleration processes that are occurring.

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