Variation of Gravitational Delay in Pulsar Timing Observations due to Proper Motion of Foreground Stars and Measurement of Stellar Mass

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Cosmology: Dark Matter, Astrometry, Relativity, Stars: Fundamental Parameters, Stars: Pulsars: General

Scientific paper

We propose the inclusion of a new correction term, the gravitational time delay effect caused by a star between the observer and the pulsar, in the analysis of pulsar timing observation. This effect appears in the form of ln (1 + t2), where the amplitude connects directly to the mass of the star. When the residuals of the time of arrival have a positive hump, it is worthwhile to reanalyze the data by including this correction term in the existing models. The analysis of this effect will not only help to stabilize the pulsar time but also provide a new way to determine the mass of a star directly. When the mass of a star is 0.2 Msun, the observation accuracy is 200 ns, and the observation period is 10 yr, the possibility of detecting this effect is of the order of one-hundredth.

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