Metamorphism and deformation along the emplacement thrust of the Samail ophiolite, Oman

Details Metamorphism and deformation along the emplacement thrust of the Samail ophiolite, Oman Metamorphism and deformation along the emplacement thrust of the Samail ophiolite, Oman

Nov 1996

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1996e%26psl.144..435h&link_type=abstract

Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 144, Issue 3-4, p. 435-451.

Mathematics

Logic

10

Scientific paper

The base of the Samail ophiolite is a metamorphic shear zone that provides key information about ophiolite emplacement. The classic exposure of this metamorphic sole at Wadi Tayin consists of a few meters of garnet-clinopyroxene mafic gneiss and 80 m of upper amphibolite facies mafic and quartzose tectonite, overlying 150 m of lower amphibolite facies mafic and sedimentary schist. The sole is bounded by faults but is internally coherent. Peak metamorphic temperatures decrease exponentially, from ~ 825°C at the top of the sole to ~ 500°C at its base, as documented by changes in grain size, hornblende composition, the disappearance of chlorite and epidote, garnet-clinopyroxene element partitioning, and garnet-hornblende partitioning. The inverted peak temperature gradient decreases from > 4000°C/km in the upper 50 m to ~ 100°C/km in the lower 150 m. Contrary to earlier reports, greenschist-facies tectonites are not present at Wadi Tayin, although the entire sole underwent greenschist-facies retrogression, driven by the influx of fluids from the overlying peridotite or underlying carbonate. Calculations based on an amphibolite constitutive relation reveal that, although the section represents a lithologic continuum, the lower 200 m of the sole is a relatively undeformed block whereas the uppermost 25 m represent material initially separated by tens to a couple of hundreds of kilometers and now integrated into a single column.

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