Io's SO2 Atmosphere: Patchy or Not?

Computer Science

Scientific paper

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Hst Proposal Id #6725 Solar System

Scientific paper

We propose to make the first direct, spatially-resolvedmeasurement of SO2 gas directly from a volcanic plume (Pele)on Io. This measurement, combined with a similar measurementfrom regions of the atmosphere not thought to contain a densepatch of SO2 gas, will provide the first direct evidence forwhether Io's SO2 atmosphere is ``patchy." Previous HSTobservations of Io have shown that the region surrounding thevolcano Pele is very unusual: it is very dark in the UV,possibly implying that it is covered by a dense SO2 gaspatch (presumably the volcanic plume), and it has an unusualvisible color, possibly implying that the surface compositionnear Pele is different than elsewhere on the surface of thesatellite. Two interpretations of these observations arepossible: either a large UV-dark patch of SO2 gas is locatedover the volcano, or the surface itself is very dark in theUV, confirming the very unusual nature of the surface nearPele. We propose to obtain a spatially-resolved (0.3''aperture) Faint Object Spectrograph (FOS) spectrum of the Pelevolcano using the G190H grating (~1600--2200Angstrom) coveringthe previously-detected SO2 bands in this wavelength region,to attempt detection of SO2 gas over the volcano. Avaluable scientific result will be obtained with EITHER adetection (confirming a patchy atmosphere, and that the darkUV albedo is due to gas) OR a non-detection (confirming theunusual surface properties of the Pele volcano), which iscurrently impossible with existing

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