The second-parameter effect and the formation history of the Milky Way Galaxy

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Hst Proposal Id #6625 Stellar Populations

Scientific paper

We propose to obtain HST V,I observations of a sample of Galactic globular clusters {GC's} in order to establish an unbiased correlation between the morphology of the horizontal branch {HB} and the age of the cluster {for fixed metallicity, the first parameter}. After Searle and Zinn {1978} and Lee, Demarque and Zinn {1994, LDZ}, it is widely accepted that differences in color between the HB's of GC's with the same metallicity can be explained in terms of differences in age {the candidate second parameter}. On the other hand, according to Buonanno {1993} and Fusi Pecci et al. {1993}, the HB-morphology is determined {perhaps with comparable weight} either by the age and by the cluster central mass density {the candidate third parameter}. The problem is of substance because GC's classified as coeval by LDZ on the basis of their HB-morphology are, according to Buonanno {1993}, different in age by 2-3 Gyrs and vice-versa. If this scenario is confirmed, the use of the HB-morphology as a clock must be revised and, in turn, the description of galaxy evolution could be modified.

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