Near-decadal Solar Cycle Oscillations are Synchronous with Intersections of Coupled g-mode Sets in the Solar Interior

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Scientific paper

In a recent paper Juckett & Wolff (Solar Phys 2008, 252:247), showed evidence for the non-linear coupling of radiative zone (RZ) g modes into sets(l) by identifying their signatures in the motion of sunspot patterns. The model of g-mode coupling predicts that each set(l) has power concentrated at two longitudes (hot spots) on opposite sites of the Sun, which drift slowly retrograde relative to the RZ at a rate dependent on spherical harmonic degree, l. When two or more hot spots intersect (overlap), the surface of the RZ would receive extra energy at that longitude, increasing convection and visible sunspot activity. This was confirmed by examining sunspot activity in the rotational reference frames of the migrating g-mode sets. Subsequently Juckett & Wolff (Solar Phys, in press), used the migration rates and longitudinal phase data of the sets(l) to estimate the timing of intersections for sets with l = 2-11 & G, and compared the intersection rate to the sub-decadal variability of the sunspot cycle. (G represents unresolvable high-l modes that rotate similar to the RZ.) In that paper, seventeen sub-decadal frequencies (4.5 - 50 nHz; 0.6 - 7.0 yr), generated by 23 unique intersections of the 11 sets, were identified with 17 corresponding frequencies in the sunspot time series. After optimizing model parameters, we found a mean correlation of 0.96 for synchrony among the 17 waveform pairs. These 17 frequencies constitute the bulk of the non-noise sub-decadal frequency domain of sunspot variation. Presented here is an overview of these results and a continuation of this study by comparing the lower frequency oscillations of the collective set(l) intersections to corresponding oscillations in sunspot variation. Seven additional frequencies with periods of 8.2, 9.0, 10.7, 12.6, 15.9, 22.0, and 28.7 yr are shown to be synchronous between observation and model.

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