Severe geomagnetic storms and their sources on the sun

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Magnetic Storms, Solar Activity Effects, Solar Terrestrial Interactions, Sudden Storm Commencements, Forbush Decreases, Kp Index, Solar Cycles, Solar Flares, Solar Radio Bursts, Tables (Data)

Scientific paper

A catalog of severe geomagnetic storms is compiled, using the Bartels index to define severity. Storms were coordinated with flare data selected according to rigorous rules. The duration of storm in eighths of a day, number of eighths during which the Kp index was 7- or more, the date, hour, and minute of sudden storm commencement (SSC) are stated. The distribution of storms in dependence on their duration is shown. It is found that for extremely intensive flares, which are responsible for severe geomagnetic storms mostly with SSC's, the average time elapsed between the beginning of the flare and the SSC is about 33.5 hrs. The association of severe storms with Type II and Type IV radio bursts is found to be indeterminate due to statistical insufficiencies, while the association of severe storms with Forbush decreases is found to be much more definite. Storms are also related to the longitudinal position of the source flare on the solar disk.

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