Detached to contact scenario for the origin of W UMa stars

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Angular Momentum, Binary Stars, Main Sequence Stars, Stellar Evolution, Stellar Rotation, Braking, Deceleration, Orbital Elements, Stellar Spectra

Scientific paper

The scenario of solar-type contact binary formation as the result of gradual angular momentum loss from a detached or semidetached binary is investigated quantitatively. Angular momentum loss rate is calculated as a function of orbital period for a binary star with a total mass of 2 solar masses under the assumptions that the rotational velocity decreases as the inverse square root of the stellar age, and the total angular momentum is decreasing due to spin-orbit coupling. Examination of low-mass binary statistics suggests the initial period distribution of new binaries to have a smooth cut-off around 2 days. Under the above assumptions and that of a contact lifetime of 500 million years, it is shown that angular momentum loss could produce correct order of magnitude space density, period-color and cluster membership statistics.

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