Effects of the solar-wind dynamic pressure on the Region-2 field-aligned current intensity

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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2721 Field-Aligned Currents And Current Systems (2409), 2730 Magnetosphere: Inner, 2740 Magnetospheric Configuration And Dynamics, 2784 Solar Wind/Magnetosphere Interactions

Scientific paper

The relationship between the Region-2 field-aligned currents and the solar-wind dynamic pressure is investigated using magnetic-field data from Defense Meteorological Satellite Program-F13 (DMSP-F13). The Region-2 currents are generated if gradients of the thermal and magnetic pressure are neither parallel nor anti-parallel to each other. In the Earth's magnetosphere, the magnetic pressure is generally larger on the dayside than on the nightside while the thermal pressure is not. Thus, the gradient of the magnetic pressure deviates from that of the thermal pressure, which should cause the generation of the Region-2 currents. Past studies have suggested that the day-night asymmetry in the magnetic-pressure gradients in the magnetosphere highly depends on the solar-wind dynamic pressure. We can then expect that the Region-2 currents might also depend on the solar-wind dynamic pressure. This study compares the Region-2 field- aligned current intensity at the altitude of the ionosphere, as derived using magnetic-field data from DMSP- F13, with the solar-wind dynamic pressure derived from OMNI2 hourly data. It was confirmed that the Region- 2 current intensity depends on the solar-wind dynamic pressure during magnetic storms. During non-storm times, however, a correlation between the Region-2 currents and the solar-wind dynamic pressure becomes weak. This finding indicates that the condition of the thermal pressure in the ring-current region could also be essential for the generation of Region-2 currents.

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