SM-ND isotopic investigations of Isua supracrustals and implications for mantle evolution

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Scientific paper

THE 147Sm-143 Nd system has been successfully exploited for the dating of lunar rocks and meteorites1-3 and has yielded results of comparable precision to those obtained from the 87Rb-87Sr system. Furthermore, recent studies of the Angra dos Reis achondrite3,4,30 have shown that the age obtained by the Sm-Nd method is in excellent agreement with ages calculated from U-Pb-isotope compositions when the new U-decay constants are used5. Ages quoted here are based on the following decay constants: λ87Rb = 1.39×10-11yr-1 λ147Sm = 6.54×10-12yr-1 λ235U = 0.98485×10-9yr-1 λ238U = 0.15513×10-9yr-1. Measurements of the Nd-isotope compositions of recent oceanic and continental basalts6-11, combined with estimates of the Sm/Nd ratio of the bulk Earth8, 12 have led to a much improved assessment of mantle differentiation8, 9, 12. Hamilton et al.13 have obtained a Sm-Nd whole rock isochron from Rhodesian Archaean volcanics, which demonstrates the feasibility of dating terrestrial rocks by this method. The latter investigation also indicates that the Sm-Nd system will probably prove more valuable than the Rb-Sr system for dating ancient volcanics, because of the greater stability of Sm/Nd compared with Rb/Sr during alteration processes. Here we report the results of Sm-Nd dating of the oldest known terrestrial rocks from the Isua supracrustal succession in West Greenland.

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