Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
Oct 1994
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1994adspr..14..737m&link_type=abstract
Advances in Space Research, vol. 14, no. 10, p. 737-747
Mathematics
Logic
6
Energy Spectra, Galactic Cosmic Rays, Manned Space Flight, Radiation Hazards, Environment Models, Light Elements, Radiation Shielding, Relative Biological Effectiveness (Rbe)
Scientific paper
Galactic cosmic ray nuclei represent a significant risk to long-duration spaceflight outside the magnetosphere. We review briefly existing measurements of the composition and energy spectra of heavy cosmic ray nuclei, pointing out which species and energy ranges are most critical to assessing cosmic ray risks for spaceflight. Key data sets are identified and a table of cosmic ray abundances is presented for elements from H to Ni (Z = 1 to 28). Because of the 22-year nature of the solar modulation cycle, data from the approaching 1998 solar minimum is especially important to reducing uncertainties in the cosmic ray radiation hazard. It is recommended that efforts to model this hazard take advantage of approaches that have been developed to model the astrophysical aspects of cosmic rays.
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