Spectral investigations of Mars from Viking

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Astronomical Photometry, Astronomical Spectroscopy, Mars Atmosphere, Spectrum Analysis, Viking Mars Program, Annual Variations, Cloud Cover, Mars Surface, Optical Density, Planetary Orbits, Spectral Reflectance, Viking Lander 1, Viking Lander 2, Viking Orbiter 1, Viking Orbiter 2

Scientific paper

In connection with the Viking mission, spectral and photometric data of Mars were obtained with the aid of camera systems located either on the planetary surface (Lander I and II) or in Martian orbit (Orbiter I and II). Operations from Lander I are scheduled to continue through 1990. Comparisons made of the surface and atmospheric spectral and photometric properties at various times throughout the Mission were probably the most important studies conducted by the Lander cameras. The variations in atmospheric optical density due to clouds, dust storm activity (both local and global), and even a partial eclipse of the sun by the small satellite Phobos, were observed by the Lander imaging systems. Using Viking Orbiter II images, the surface materials of the equatorial region have been classified and mapped on the basis of spectral reflectance properties. Attention is also given to some details regarding the characteristics of the Viking imaging systems.

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