The origin of the X-ray background

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Astronomical Models, Background Radiation, Cosmic X Rays, Quasars, X Ray Sources, X Ray Spectra, Bl Lacertae Objects, Galactic Clusters, Radio Galaxies, Seyfert Galaxies

Scientific paper

Studies of the origin of the cosmic X-ray background are reviewed. The available evidence is shown to favor models in which the background originates in integrated effects due to discrete sources. Contributions to the background in the energy range from 2 to 6 keV are examined for various classes of extragalactic sources, encompassing quasars, BL Lac objects, clusters of galaxies, and normal, radio, Seyfert, and narrow-emission-line galaxies. It is shown that quasars are the main contributing class, accounting for at least 30 percent of the X-ray background. The X-ray properties of quasars are discussed, and the quasar contribution to the background is estimated. It is concluded that the average spectra of quasars may not be too different from the X-ray background spectrum below about 20 keV and that BL Lac objects contribute little to the X-ray background.

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