Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
May 2007
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2007agusm.p34a..01h&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Spring Meeting 2007, abstract #P34A-01
Mathematics
Logic
1825 Geomorphology: Fluvial (1625), 5415 Erosion And Weathering, 5419 Hydrology And Fluvial Processes, 6225 Mars
Scientific paper
The western United States has numerous enclosed drainages caused by an arid climate in conjunction with active tectonic deformation. The highlands of Mars likewise feature numerous enclosed depressions, although the cause is primarily impact cratering rather than tectonics. During the early history of the red planet, these crater basins behaved much like their terrestrial analog, featuring lakes which expanded and contracted depending upon the water balance and channel systems whose degree of integration likewise waxed and waned with climatic variations. The Great Basin hydrological analog is explored using a spatially-explicit routing model that balances runoff and evaporation to predict the size and location of lakes and flows through the channel system under both modern and Pleistocene conditions. The model is parameterized using a spatial database of modern precipitation and elevation as well as regression estimates of runoff and evaporation as a function of precipitation, mean annual temperature, elevation, and latitude. The model reproduces the modern distribution of lakes as well as the extent of Pleistocene lakes (e.g., Bonneville, Lahontan, and Manly) under reasonable changes in average runoff and lake evaporation. The hydrological model has been adapted to the Martian highlands to explore the degree of drainage integration and location of lake basins as a function of the ratio of lake evaporation to runoff depth. Comparison of the spatial distribution of valleys, basin overflows, and incision depths permits the estimation of relative evaporation and runoff during early Martian history. Simulation modeling of landform evolution also is used to explore differences in pattern of erosion and deposition on the Martian highlands as a function of the evaporation/runoff ratio.
Howard Alan D.
Matsubara Yoshimi
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