In Search of the Highest Velocity Dispersion Galaxies in the Universe

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

We present Hobby-Eberly Telescope (HET) observations for galaxies at z < 0.3 from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) showing large velocity dispersions while appearing to be single galaxies in HST images. The high signal-to-noise HET spectra provide more definitive velocity dispersions and tests of binarity. Studies of emission-line widths in QSOs indicate that black holes can exist with masses greater than 5 billion solar masses, implying host galaxy velocity dispersions greater than 500 km/s by the local black hole - bulge relationship. The maximum velocity dispersion we find is 450 km/s, suggesting that either black hole masses are overestimated or that the black hole - bulge relationship changes at high mass.

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