H2O masers from low and intermediate luminosity young stellar objects: H2O masers and YSOs

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Dark Matter, Herbig-Haro Objects, Infrared Astronomy, Star Formation, Stellar Luminosity, Stellar Systems, Water Masers, Interstellar Masers, Molecular Clouds, Radio Telescopes, Stellar Evolution

Scientific paper

We have used the Medicina 32-m radiotelescope to search for H2O 22.2 GHz maser emission from a sample of 68 red peculiar nebulosities associated with low luminosity (LIR less than 103 solar luminosity)) and intermediate luminosity (LIR approximately 104 solar luminosity) Young Stellar Objects (YSOs). H2O maser emission was detected in 9 sources, with a new detection in IRAS 18265+0028. Comparison with other samples indicates that YSOs have a higher probability of hosting an H2O maser, when they are associated with red peculiar nebulosities. Seven of the detected sources are associated with molecular outflows, which confirms that these two phenomena are strictly correlated. The maser sources associated with the Class I YSOs (IRAS 03225+3034, and IRAS 03245+3002, in the dark clouds L1448 and L1455 respectively) appear overluminous with respect to their IR luminosity. The maser emission shows a remarkable variability on time scales of months and years, which tends to be larger for lower luminosity sources. This is indicative of unsaturated emission in low luminosity sources.

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