The polarization and anisotropy on large angular scales of the microwave background radiation in homogeneous cosmologies

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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Anisotropy, Background Radiation, Cosmology, Microwaves, Polarization Characteristics, Curvature, Polynomials, Quadrupoles, Spherical Harmonics, Topology

Scientific paper

The polarization and anisotropy of the cosmological microwave background radiation on large angular scales are discussed. A quadrupole anisotropy in the expansion of the universe (shear) is considered in realistic cosmological models and the resulting anisotropies and polarization of the radiation are calculated. The role of spatial curvature is considered separately and it is found to have two profound effects. First, the director of polarization of the radiation will be rotated relative to the anisotropy; however, this will occur only in the standard closed model and the models of Bianchi type VII. The existence of this twist implies that these universes have a handedness property. The second effect of spatial curvature arises in some open models in which a quadrupole anisotropy may be distorted by the spatial curvature so that is resembles a dipole; in the extreme cases all the anisotropy is confined to a region of small angular diameter (a spot). A transfer for polarized radiation in a general curved spacetime is derived.

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