Mid-latitude thermospheric neutral kinetic temperatures. I - Solar, geomagnetic, and long-term effects

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Atmospheric Temperature, Geomagnetism, Long Term Effects, Midlatitude Atmosphere, Solar Activity Effects, Thermosphere, Atmospheric Models, Doppler Effect, Emission Spectra, Line Spectra, Magnetic Effects, Night Sky, Optical Measurement, Oxygen Atoms

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The determination of the neutral kinetic temperatures in the investigation is based on optical measurements involving the determination of the Doppler widths and shifts of the night sky emission of the naturally occurring O 1D emission at 15867K at heights near 275 km. The O atoms giving rise to this emission have a sufficiently long life against radiation to allow thermalization by collisions with other particles in the surrounding medium. The resulting emission line profile is, therefore, a measure of the kinetic temperature at the height of emission. A comparison between the present experimental data and a number of models shows that the experimental data is not well represented by these formulations. Possible causes for this lack of agreement are investigated. It is found that the long term behavior of the observed temperatures can be described in terms of four parameters.

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