History of diagenetic fluids in a distant foreland area, Middle and Upper Pennsylvanian, Cherokee basin, Kansas, USA: Fluid inclusion evidence

Details History of diagenetic fluids in a distant foreland area, Middle and Upper Pennsylvanian, Cherokee basin, Kansas, USA: Fluid inclusion evidence History of diagenetic fluids in a distant foreland area, Middle and Upper Pennsylvanian, Cherokee basin, Kansas, USA: Fluid inclusion evidence

Feb 1994

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1994gecoa..58.1175w&link_type=abstract

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol. 58, Issue 3, pp.1175-1191

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5

Scientific paper

Analysis of fluid inclusion data in diagenetic cements from Pennsylvanian limestones and sandstones of the Cherokee basin in southeastern Kansas reveals the succession of diagenetic fluids in a distant foreland of the Arkoma-Ouachita system. This succession includes early low-salinity (0.0-2.4 wt% NaCl eq.) fluids of meteoric affinity (Fluid I) followed by low-temperature Na-Ca-Cl brines (Fluid II with salinities between 8.4 and 24.1 wt% NaCl eq.). Fluids I and II were present in the system during precipitation of early-stage calcite cements at temperatures less than about 50°C. Another Na-Ca-Cl brine (Fluid III with salinity up to 25 wt% NaCl eq.) was present in the system later, at temperatures of maximum burial (at least 80-85°C) and higher. Fluid III is followed by a Na-Cl brine (Fluid IV, with salinities about 19-21 wt% NaCl eq.) characterized by temperatures distinctly higher than maximum burial, up to 150°C. Fluid III and Fluid IV were entrapped during precipitation of late-stage baroque dolomite and Fe-dolomite in Pennsylvanian limestones, and late-stage Fe-dolomite and ankerite in Pennsylvanian sandstones. The record of progression from Fluid III to Fluid IV may have been partially obscured by thermal re-equilibriation of some inclusions during migration of Fluid IV. Fluids with Na-Ca-Cl chemistry (Fluid II and III) were either indigenous subsurface fluids of the Cherokee and Arkoma basins, or might have originated as reflux fluids in a Permian evaporitic basin of Central Kansas. Later Na-Cl brine (Fluid IV) originated in deeper parts of the Arkoma-Ouachita system and might have acquired their salinity by dissolution of hypothetical salts buried beneath the Ouachitas. Temperatures recorded by fluid inclusions in late-diagenetic carbonates are 20-60°C higher than those calculated for the maximum burial of the studied section. This thermal anomaly suggests an advective heat transfer from the Arkoma-Ouachita system onto the shelf of the Cherokee basin related to the invasion of late-diagenetic fluids.

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