The evolution of compact young star clusters and their relation to hypernovae

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Star Clusters, Binary Stars, Galactic Centre, Stellar Evolution, Stellar Dynamics, Stellar Motion, Stellar Mass, Stellar Rotation

Scientific paper

We study the evolution and observability of young and compact star clusters near the Galactic center, such as the Arches cluster and the Quintuplet. The star clusters are modeled with a combination of techniques; using direct N-body integration to calculate the motions of all stars and detailed stellar and binary evolution to follow the evolution of the stars. The modeled star clusters dissolve within 10 to 60 million years in the tidal field of the Galaxy. The projected stellar density in the modeled clusters drops within 5% to 70% of the lifetime to a level comparable to the projected background density towards the Galactic center. We therefore conclude that between 20 and 50 clusters with characteristics similar to the Arches and the Quintuplet cluster exist. At young age these clusters are highly collisional. This leads to the build-up of a massive collision runaway in each of these clusters. The mass of the collision runaway easily exceeds several hundred Msolar, and the star will be rotating close to break-up. The collision runaway may well explode in a hypernova. Based on our model calculations and estimates of the birthrate of such stars we conclude that the hypernova rate in our Galaxy is about 10-6 per year. .

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