Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
Oct 2001
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2001mkt..book..183s&link_type=abstract
Miklós Konkoly Thege (1842-1916). 100 Years of Observational Astronomy and Astrophysics - A collection of papers on the history
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
Scientific paper
In this paper I show that in the new discipline of astrophotometry scientific practice eventually overcame theoretical doubts. Agreement among the different observers could easily be reached and quantified using a Zoellner photometer. The newly founded German Astronomische Gesellschaft enabled a rapid distribution of the instrument together with the communication of observations. Through using Zoellner's photometer observers learned both how to control their vision and improve their procedure of visual judgement. The design of the instrument was never significantly changed by the German observers. In contrast, the Harvard observer Edward Pickering, designed a completely new instrument based on the Zöllner photometer. His instruments were designed to eliminate all subjective factors rather than to quantify or even employ them. The first section of this paper focusses on Zöllner's and later observers' practice with the instrument. Section two looks at how colour was treated by those observers. The third section investigates Pickering's role in the establishment of astrophotometry. Section four deals with a third observer, Müller at Potsdam, who analysed the observational problems encountered by Pickering.
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