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Sep 2006

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2006dps....38.5503b&link_type=abstract

American Astronomical Society, DPS meeting #38, #55.03; Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, Vol. 38, p.584

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astronomy

Scientific paper

Genesis returned samples exposed to the solar wind, including separate solar wind regime samples. A crash upon return resulted in breakage, losses of materials, and surface contamination. However, atoms are not destroyed by impact. We can show that the implanted solar wind resides safely beneath the surface, while the contamination is on the surface. We have only 100 A of depth margin, but, because we are a sample return mission, we can use all of modern technology to exploit this margin. A major issue is the extent to which solar wind elemental and isotopic abundances are modified from the photosphere. Spacecraft studies show that elements with first ionization potential (FIP) >9; eV are depleted in the solar wind relative to lower FIP elements, but the lower FIP elements, which make up most of terrestrial planet material, appear unfractionated. Our preliminary Genesis Fe/Mg is 0.78, in good agreement with spacecraft and photosphereic data. Little is known about isotopic fractionation in the solar wind, but our regime samples represent materials formed by different solar processes. Isotopic compositions of Ne and Ar in regime samples agree with permil level precision. There is no evidence for isotope fractionation in the solar wind relative to the photosphere. A bulk metallic glass (BMG) sample, which etches uniformly with nitric acid vapor, was recovered intact, and provides a check on the presence of higher energy (SEP) solar ions with different isotopic compositons. Extensive lunar sample analyses indicated an SEP 20Ne/22Ne ratio of 11.4 compared to 13.7 for the solar wind. BMG etching produced a continuously dropping 20/22 ratio trend which matches exactly what is seen in lunar samples and which quantitatively reproduces calculations for differential implantation of 22Ne and 20Ne. Differential implantation explains the lunar results.

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