Wireless Power Transmission Technology Development and Demonstrations

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

The Wireless Power Transmission (WPT) technology has been treated to a wide extent in the recent years. A broad variety of applications has been investigated, from earth to orbit, orbit to earth, in-orbit and planetary ones, as for moon and Mars missions. In this course the question to use laser or microwave technology has widely been discussed. Beaming energy to spacecrafts could provide an important space mission-economic potential. It promises significant reduction in the cost of access to space, for scientific and commercial missions, and increases the mission capabilities for in-space systems. For the future enhancement of ISS capabilities and operational efficiency, the use of WPT technology became part of the technology research planning for the ISS. The WPT may have the potential of providing operational benefits, increase of spacecraft systems efficiency for elements like co-orbiting platforms, transfer vehicles or other ISS related in-orbit spacecrafts, and planetary exploration vehicles. The laser technology provides specific technical, operational and economic benefits compared to microwave applications and provides the actual basis for the envisioned wireless power transmission concepts. An outlook in terms of future wireless power perspectives, both for terrestrial as for space-to-space scenarios is given; these applications are part of a technology demonstration roadmap for wireless power transmission key- and supporting technologies, which is characterized by dedicated technology demonstration milestones on ground and in space. The actual technology development philosophy as conceived at EADS-Space Transportation is described and includes main system demonstration missions, as a laboratory test bed employing a small rover system, a scaled airship model demonstration as planned in 2004 and an experiment onboard the International Space Station ISS. These demonstrations represent milestones in terms of technical capability verification on the way to solar power platforms in space, as an actual Solar Power Platform Design Concept in the 400 kW range for GEO including the receiver side on ground. Special attention is given to the fact, that technological spin-offs out of the Solar Power Platforms development are an essential aspect of the activities. The application of the suitable type of laser systems for future solar power concepts in space will be discussed, based on recent investigations in the frame of the EADS technology development work. The experimental application of a laser system for power transmission to a moveable and steerable target, a small rover, is addressed also and the demonstration philosophy and experimental set-up are detailed. The ground test objectives, the definition, design and performance of a "Wireless Power Transmission" system and the demonstration of the basic principles of power transmission and target acquisition, pointing and tracking are covered. The lessons learned and consequences for a continuation of this type of demonstration are outlined.

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