What Controls the Classification of Interplanetary Mass Ejections

Details What Controls the Classification of Interplanetary Mass Ejections What Controls the Classification of Interplanetary Mass Ejections

May 2011

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2011spd....42.2401m&link_type=abstract

American Astronomical Society, SPD meeting #42, #24.01; Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, Vol. 43, 2011

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astronomy

Scientific paper

In this paper we address a question what controls the classification of interplanetary mass ejections (ICMEs): magnetic cloud (MC) or ejecta (EJ). Using 186 shock-associated ICMEs from 1997 to 2006, we have examined three possible causes : (1) magnetic complexity with a proxy of sunspot number, (2) CME direction as a proxy of cone angle (the angle between the CME cone axis and the plane of sky), and (3) ICME-ICME interaction with a proxy of the number of halo CMEs. First, the fraction of MC is poorly anti-correlated (R=-0.36) with annual sunspot number. Second, the distribution of CME cone angle for 38 EJs is not much different from that for 16 MCs. Third, the annual fraction of magnetic cloud is well anti-correlated (R=-0.78) with the annual number of halo CMEs. To demonstrate such a relationship, we consider all halo CMEs during the same period and statistically searched the candidate of interacting ICMEs according to temporal and spatial closeness. As a result, we find that the annual fraction of interacting ICME candidates is well correlated (R=0.87) with the annual number of the halo CMEs as well as anti-correlated (R=-0.85) with the annual fraction of MCs. The contingency table between ICME-ICME interaction and MC occurrence also shows a good statistical result: Hit (110), False Alarm (53), Prediction of detection 'yes' (0.88), and Critical Success Index (0.62). Our results imply that the interaction of ICMEs is mainly responsible for their classification.

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