Waveform inversion for lateral heterogeneities using multimode surface waves

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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: Modal Summation, Ray Approximation, Surface Waves, Synthetic Seismograms, Waveform Inversion

Scientific paper

We propose a waveform inversion scheme that can be used to invert strong structural heterogeneities. The method is based on a ray approximation for surface waves. Strong structural lateral variations are modelled by vertical discontinuities. Therefore, a geologically heterogeneous region is partitioned into a number of lateral homogeneous subregions. Synthetic seismograms are calculated by modal summation over incident and transmitted modes. With this method the complete waveforms of surface waves, including mode cross-branch coupling, multipathing and scattering, are considered in the inversion. We test the method with several geophysically realistic structural models. An example of waveform inversion for real data-a wave path across the Iberian peninsula and the oceanic structure off the French coast owing to the Gibraltar earthquake (M s = 5.7)-is presented. The method allows us to obtain the information represented by different set of structures along the same source-receiver minor arc through which the waves have propagated. The method is applicable to different models of lateral heterogeneity. In its present development, it is most appropriate for inverting structures around tectonic scenarios such as continental margins, grabens and discontinuities between major plates.

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