Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
Oct 1988
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1988a%26a...204....1b&link_type=abstract
Astronomy and Astrophysics (ISSN 0004-6361), vol. 204, no. 1-2, Oct. 1988, p. 1, 2.
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
13
Astronomical Models, Big Bang Cosmology, Quasars, Red Shift
Scientific paper
Friedmann-Lemaitre cosmological models excluding a big bang by an appropriate choice of a nonzero cosmological constant are shown to be invalid if quasars with a redshift z of greater than 4 are observed and if the density parameter of cold matter is larger than 0.02. The big bang is thus required if the microwave background radiation is assumed to be stellar radiation thermalized by interstellar iron needles.
Boerner Gerhard
Ehlers Juergen
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