Was Apollinaris Patera the source for the Gusev crater basalts?

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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5420 Impact Phenomena, Cratering (6022, 8136), 5470 Surface Materials And Properties, 5480 Volcanism (6063, 8148, 8450)

Scientific paper

A possible source of the Gusev crater basalts analyzed by the Spirit rover could be Apollinaris Patera. We test this hypothesis by identifying and analyzing potential lava flow paths using THermal EMission Imaging System (THEMIS), Mars Orbital Camera (MOC), High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE), and Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) datasets together with published geologic mapping. Image interpretation reveals three possible flow paths from Apollinaris onto Gusev crater floor via a breach in Gusev's northwest rim; an unnamed crater that must have post-dated any potential flow along the paths currently blocks the breach. After correcting for the unnamed crater, topographic profiles constructed along possible flow paths demonstrate that elevation along each path increases from ~80-300 m. Therefore, we conclude that the Apollinaris construct was not a direct source of the Gusev basalts. Instead, it seems more likely that the Gusev basalts were sourced from below the crater itself. The similar ages (as derived from crater counts) of Apollinaris' south flank and the Gusev plains lavas, however, suggest that the two volcanic regions may be part of a common magmatic feature.

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