W Serpentis stars - A new class of interacting binaries

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Eclipsing Binary Stars, Stellar Evolution, Stellar Mass Accretion, Stellar Spectrophotometry, H Beta Line, Light Curve, Stellar Models, Ultraviolet Spectra

Scientific paper

Spectroscopic and photometric observations of the interacting binary W Ser obtained at ESO in September 1984 with the IDS on the 1.52-m telescope and in the UVBRI system with the 1-m telescope, respectively, are reported. The data are presented graphically and characterized, with reference to the other objects placed in the W Ser classification by Plavec and Koch (1978). Features discussed include the unusual light curve, with a period increasing by 15 s/yr; UBVRI fluxes consistent with a 5-solar-radius F4III primary and a 3.5-solar-radius 3100-K 1-solar-luminosity M subgiant secondary; and an optical spectrum dominated by strong H Balmer, He I, and He II lines (with an inverse P Cyg profile for the 587.6-nm He I triplet). An evolutionary model is proposed in which W Ser has already passed through a rapid-mass-transfer stage (when the mass ratio reversed itself on a thermal Helmholtz-Kelvin time scale) and in which mass transfer from the formerly more massive component (in contact with its Roche lobe) continues.

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