Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
May 1966
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1966esrv....1..299t&link_type=abstract
Earth Science Reviews, Volume 1, Issue 4, p. 299-335.
Mathematics
Logic
Scientific paper
SummaryA short review is made of the main means of investigation of eruption forecast, used in the few existing, accurately staffed volcanological observatories as well as during sporadic expeditions on active volcanoes, together with non-exhaustive data obtained during recent years (volcanoseismology, gravimetry, tiltmetry, geodetic measurements, magnetic and aeromagnetic surveys, chemistry of gas, waters and sublimates, geochemistry). Details of research performed are classified on an alphabetical geographic basis, according to information gained by the author from literature accessible to him and by personal communications afforded him by numerous volcanologists in the world. Some of the obtained results are briefly summarized: about the activation energy of volcanic flames (3 e V only, thus being exclusively thermic); about the possible existence of a molten reservoir (screening S waves 70 km below Kliuchevskoïvolcano); about volcanoseismological forecast of the 1960 Kilauea eruption; about the large and rapid variations of the gas-phase composition in an active vent (Stromboli); about the different types of volcanic quakes (Minakami) and harmonic tremors (Sassa) observed on Japanese volcanoes Sakurajima and Aso; about establishment of experimental formulae correlating tremor, kinetic energy of explosion and eruptive probabilities; about relationship between gas, water and sublimate composition and eruptive activity; about sulphur isotope determination; about the accurately determined composition of a hot fumarole in White Island crater; about the mechanisms of the ignimbrite producing 1912 eruption in Alaska; on equipment and methods used in the main observatories (Japan, Hawaï, Kamchatka, Rabaul, Lesser Antillas, etc.). A bibliographic reference is outlined.
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