Volcanic and impact deposits of the Moon's Aristarchus Plateau: A new view from Earth-based radar images

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Lunar pyroclastic deposits reflect an explosive stage of thebasaltic volcanism that filled impact basins across the nearside.These fine-grained mantling layers are of interest for theirassociation with early mare volcanic processes, and as possiblesources of volatiles and other species for lunar outposts. Wepresent Earth-based radar images, at 12.6 and 70 cm wavelengths,of the pyroclastic deposit that blankets the Aristarchus Plateau.The 70 cm data reveal the outlines of a lava-flow complex thatcovers a significant portion of the plateau and appears to haveformed by spillover of magma from the large sinuous rille VallisSchröteri. The pyroclastics mantling these flows are heavilycontaminated with rocks 10 cm and larger in diameter. The 12.6cm data confirm that other areas are mantled by 20 m or lessof material, and that there are numerous patches of 2 cm andlarger rocks associated with ejecta from Aristarchus crater.Some of the radar-detected rocky debris is within the mantlingmaterial and is not evident in visible-wavelength images. Theradar data identify thick, rock-poor areas of the pyroclasticdeposit best suited for resource exploitation.

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