Validation of Candidate Multiple-Transiting Planet Systems and Assessing Possible False Positives based on Photometric Observables

Details Validation of Candidate Multiple-Transiting Planet Systems and Assessing Possible False Positives based on Photometric Observables Validation of Candidate Multiple-Transiting Planet Systems and Assessing Possible False Positives based on Photometric Observables

Jan 2011

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2011aas...21714009m&link_type=abstract

American Astronomical Society, AAS Meeting #217, #140.09; Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, Vol. 43, 2011

Mathematics

Probability

Scientific paper

Planetary systems with multiple planets that transit their host star are of great interest for studying the architecture of planetary systems (Steffen et al. 2010; Holman et al. 2010). Even space-based exoplanet transit surveys, such as CoRoT and Kepler, must be careful to exclude astrophysical false positives that can mimic the photometric signature of multiple-transiting planet system (MTPS). Due to large point spread functions, a putative MTPS might actually be: 1) a true MTPS, 2) a blend of an eclipsing binary and a star with a single transiting planet, 3) a blend of two eclipsing binaries, or 4) two stars each with a single transiting planet. Assessing the relative probability for each of these possibilities is important both for validating potential planets and for prioritizing the limited follow-up resources that can contribute to validation or confirmation of such systems.
We introduce new observable parameters based on ratios of the measured transit durations in MTPSs, as well as the measured orbital periods and (when available) impact parameters. We explore the utility of these parameters for validating candidate MTPSs and/or rejecting false positives. For multiple planets around the same star, these parameters have values near one. The distribution of these parameters for certain blend scenarios can be markedly different. We investigate these distributions through Monte Carlo simulations of three different types of blends; planet-binary, binary-binary, and planet-planet and compare these to the distribution for true MTPSs. We present results based on previously released Kepler data and simulations using multiple distributions for the orbital inclinations, eccentricities, and binary star population.
Kepler was selected as the 10th mission of the Discovery Program. Funding for this mission is provided by NASA, Science Mission Directorate

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