Using Geochemical Observations to Constrain Projectile Types in Impact Cratering

Details Using Geochemical Observations to Constrain Projectile Types in Impact Cratering Using Geochemical Observations to Constrain Projectile Types in Impact Cratering

Feb 2003

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2003icbg.conf...45k&link_type=abstract

Impact Cratering: Bridging the Gap Between Modeling and Observations, p. 45-46

Mathematics

Logic

Breccia, Cratering, Geochemistry, Geology, Impact Melts, Meteorite Collisions, Meteoritic Composition, Case Histories, Cretaceous-Tertiary Boundary, Ejecta, Glass, Metamorphism (Geology), Vapors

Scientific paper

Breccias and melt rocks found at possible meteorite impact structures on Earth may contain a minor extraterrestrial component. In the absence of evidence of shock metamorphic effects in such rocks, the unambiguous detection of an extraterrestrial component can be of diagnostic value regarding the impact origin of a geological structure. The verification of an extraterrestrial component in impact-derived melt rocks or breccias can be of diagnostic value to provide confirming evidence for an impact origin of a geological structure. Similar approaches are of great value in the investigation of distal ejecta layers (as we are taught by the case history of the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary). Qualitatively speaking, a small amount of the finely dispersed meteoritic melt or vapor is mixed during the impact event with a much larger quantity of target rock vapor and melt, and this mixture later forms impact melt rocks, melt breccias, or impact glass. In most cases, the contribution of meteoritic matter to these impactite lithologies is very small (much less than 1%), leading to only slight chemical changes in the resulting impactites. Geochemical methods can be used to determine the amount of such a meteoritic component (see below). However, there are plenty of open questions.

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