Updated Masses and Densities of Asteroids from Recent Mars Orbiter Range Data

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We present new solutions for the masses of asteroids through new solutions for the Mars ephemeris determined at JPL using recent tracking data from spacecraft orbiting Mars. This work builds upon the previous solutions for the Mars ephemeris and asteroid masses presented in (Konopliv et al., 2010, Icarus, in press), by incorporating about one additional year of range data from each of MRO, Mars Odyssey, and Mars Express spanning from July 2009 through June 2010. Doppler data also provide each spacecraft's orbit with respect to Mars along with the Mars global gravity solution of (Konopliv et al., 2010). This, added to the tracking station to spacecraft range, provides the distance between Earth and Mars centers to one to two meter accuracy. Each asteroid's mass is estimated along with Earth and Mars orbits, while the solar mass parameter, solar J2, Earth-Moon mass ratio, Sun's mass loss rate, and PPN parameters are also estimated concurrently. The studied asteroids are selected as those which most perturb the orbit of Mars on a timescale matching the span of all data used. A larger set of other perturbing asteroids have their orbits and masses used as consider parameters. A still larger set of perturbing asteroids have their orbits fixed and assumed perfectly known, but masses computed from IRAS nominal diameters and (also estimated) average bulk densities for the three main taxonomic classes. We also use IRAS and MSX nominal diameters and all more recent asteroid photometry observations we could obtain for the asteroids to update their volumes, which together with the new masses constrain their bulk densities and likely macroporosities.

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