Type II supernovae photospheres and distances

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Astrometry, Distance, Kinematics, Stellar Atmospheres, Stellar Models, Supernovae, Atmospheric Density, Atmospheric Models, Eddington Approximation, Emissivity, Nonrelativistic Mechanics, Photosphere, Radiant Flux Density, Stellar Structure

Scientific paper

The kinematical method of determining distances to supernovae is briefly discussed. The full model atmosphere problem for Type II supernovae is outlined, and the emergent flux is calculated as a function of frequency for an atmosphere that satisfies stated assumptions about the photospheric structure, nonrelativistic motion, the 'Eddington approximation', opacities, emissivities, and radiative and statistical equilibrium. Exploratory results are obtained in the perturbed gray-body approximation, which provides a qualitative understanding of certain new features of low-density photospheres. The implications of the results for the Hubble constant and kinematical distance determinations are discussed.

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