Traveling ionospheric disturbances and their relations to storm-enhanced density features and plasma density irregularities in the local evening and nighttime hours of the Halloween superstorms of 29-31 October 2003

Details Traveling ionospheric disturbances and their relations to storm-enhanced density features and plasma density irregularities in the local evening and nighttime hours of the Halloween superstorms of 29-31 October 2003 Traveling ionospheric disturbances and their relations to storm-enhanced density features and plasma density irregularities in the local evening and nighttime hours of the Halloween superstorms of 29-31 October 2003

Sep 2010

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2010jgra..11509327h&link_type=abstract

Journal of Geophysical Research, Volume 115, Issue A9, CiteID A09327

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Ionosphere: Equatorial Ionosphere, Ionosphere: Ionospheric Disturbances, Ionosphere: Ionospheric Dynamics, Ionosphere: Ionospheric Irregularities, Ionosphere: Ionospheric Storms (7949)

Scientific paper

This study focuses on the local evening or nighttime hours of the Halloween superstorms. Its database, containing multi-instrument Defense Meteorological Satellite Program data plus ionosonde and magnetometer data, allowed us to investigate the various plasma density features developed and the impact of traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs), drift perturbations, and South Atlantic Magnetic Anomaly (SAMA) effects on them. We identified the midlatitude trough, some topside bubbles, the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA), and some storm-enhanced density (SED) features. Results reveal that these features' underlying vertical plasma flows became enhanced (degraded) when they were in the same (opposite) direction as the field-aligned flows associated with a TID. Demonstrated with some Coupled Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Plasmasphere-simulated wind vector maps, high (low) plasma densities were maintained by equatorward (poleward) winds. We observed some descending (˜600 m/s) bubbles with increased temperatures (˜4500°K), due to their fast poleward movement (˜1.4 km/s), structuring some nearby SED features in the SAMA region and some low-latitude plasma in the Australian sector. During the second superstorm's main phase (30 October 2003), a rising bubble with increased temperatures (˜5000°K), due to the SAMA's energetic electrons, further depleted the EIA trough. This observation contradicts a current interpretation of this depleted EIA trough as bubble. At the time of prereversal enhancement (˜2300 UT on 30 October), some extremely large SED features (˜85 × 104 ions+/cm3) developed (˜±30°N geomagnetic latitude) around the symmetrical EIA over Brazil. This scenario created a symmetrical plasma density profile contradicting some current speculations on the EIA's asymmetry and its southern crest's displacement to higher latitudes over Brazil. Indeed, a SED feature appeared at higher latitudes (˜35°S geographic latitude).

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