Trajectory based, 3-dimensional heating and ablation calculations for the Apollo Lunar/Earth return capsule

Statistics – Computation

Scientific paper

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Ablation, Aerodynamic Heating, Aerothermodynamics, Apollo Spacecraft, Convective Heat Transfer, Heat Flux, Radiative Heat Transfer, Angle Of Attack, Boundary Layer Flow, Computational Fluid Dynamics, High Reynolds Number, Inviscid Flow, Stream Functions (Fluids), Three Dimensional Models

Scientific paper

Three dimensional (3-D) surface heating and ablation rate distributions have been obtained based on the geometry of the project Apollo Lunar/Earth return capsule and high Reynolds number inviscid/boundary layer methods. This application is based on the principles of the pseudo-three dimensional axisymmetric streamline analogy. Inviscid surface streamlines are determined for the forebody portion of the Apollo capsule using a CFD solver. Streamlines are obtained for the 20 deg angle-of-attack flight case, and the associated streamline metrics are determined. Boundary layer heating and ablation calculations are performed along selected Apollo forebody streamlines using the non-similar boundary layer code. Surface radiative heating estimates were obtained and the validity of the streamline tracing analogy is examined. These comparisons and the Apollo trajectory heating results are discussed.

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