`Torus' Distribution of Interstellar Helium Pickup Ions: Direct Observation

Mathematics – Probability

Scientific paper

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7823 Ionization Processes, 7859 Transport Processes, 2149 Mhd Waves And Turbulence, 2152 Pickup Ions

Scientific paper

Recent studies of interstellar pickup ions indicate a large mean free math λ , suggesting a low pitch angle scattering rate of the pickup ions in the solar wind. To confirm the effect of the findings, the distribution function of helium pickup ions is measured with the GEOTAIL/LEP instrument on the upstream of the Earth's bow shock. It is found that these helium pickup ions exhibit a `torus'-like velocity distribution for ~20% of the GEOTAIL observation time. The probability of observing such a non-spherical distribution is higher ( ~40%) when the magnetic turbulence level (|δ /rightarrow{ {B}}|/|{\bar B}|) is lower (< ~0.1), while a spherical distribution is found for ~60% of the observation time when the turbulence is relatively large (> ~0.2).

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