Thermal Fluctuations, Subcritical Bifurcation, and Nucleation of Localized States in Electroconvection

Details Thermal Fluctuations, Subcritical Bifurcation, and Nucleation of Localized States in Electroconvection Thermal Fluctuations, Subcritical Bifurcation, and Nucleation of Localized States in Electroconvection

1998-01-10

arxiv.org/abs/patt-sol/9801001v1

Nonlinear Sciences

Pattern Formation and Solitons

14 pages, RevTex, 5 eps figures included

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.3061

Measurements of the mean-square amplitude of thermally-induced fluctuations of a thin layer of the nematic liquid crystal I52 subjected to a voltage V < Vc are reported. They yield the limit of stability Vc of the spatially uniform conduction state to infinitesimal perturbations. Localized long-lived convecting structures known as worms form spontaneously from the fluctuations for V well below Vc. This, as well as measurements of the lifetime of the conduction state for V < Vc, suggests a thermally-activated mechanism of worm formation; but a theory for this non-potential system is lacking.

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