Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
Feb 1983
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1983s%26w....22...62s&link_type=abstract
Sterne und Weltraum, vol. 22, Feb. 1983, p. 62-67. In German.
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
1
Cosmic Rays, Extraterrestrial Radiation, Incident Radiation, Radiation Sources, Cosmic Ray Showers, Milky Way Galaxy, Particle Collisions, Primary Cosmic Rays, Secondary Cosmic Rays
Scientific paper
The beginning of the physics of cosmic rays can be traced to a balloon flight undertaken by the Austrian physicist Hess in 1912. Cosmic ray physics, X-ray astronomy, and gamma-ray astronomy have now become firmly established areas of modern astrophysics. It is presently known that a large part of the particles detected by Hess were created in the atmosphere as secondary products of the original 'primary' extraterrestrial radiation. The primary radiation comes to earth from all directions. The energy for single electrons and nucleons is in the range from 10 to the 6th to 10 to the 20th eV. The primary radiation can be divided into cosmic rays from the sun or its planets, and extrasolar radiation. The study of extrasolar rays provides information about conditions outside the solar system. The origin of the galactic radiation is still unknown. A survey of measured data is provided and recent concepts regarding the origin of cosmic radiation are discussed, taking into account the shock-wave acceleration mechanism.
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