The next generation in rocket engines-the RD-180

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Scientific paper

The key to any launch vehicle is the booster propulsion system. It provides the energy to reach orbit and is generally the most expensive launch vehicle subsystem. As Lockheed Martin began to develop the Atlas IIAR and EELV launch system, it examined several engines for booster propulsion-an upgrade of the Rocketdyne MA-5, a new high-performance LO2/kerosene booster engine using a staged combustion cycle, RD-180, and NK-33. The intent was to incorporate a modern, lower cost, high-performance propulsion system that would enable Atlas IIAR and EELV to reduce recurring cost while meeting increased customer performance requirements. After detailed analyses, the clear winner was the RD-180, a derivative of the successful flight-proven RD-170-the world's only high-performance, staged combustion LO2/kerosene engine in production. This paper describes the effort undertaken to develop the RD-180 engine for the exclusive use of Lockheed Martin launch systems. It also summarizes the plan to transition RD-180 production to the United States to enable use on the Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV) program to support the National Space Policy. Results presented highlight the activity undertaken by Astronautics and our team member RD AMROSS, LLC-a joint venture between NPO Energomash and United Technologies Pratt & Whitney.

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